뉴욕 엠파이어 스테이트 빌딩

엠파이어 스테이트 빌딩

Empire State Building

エンパイアステートビル

엠파이어 스테이트 빌딩(Empire State Building)은 뉴욕 주 뉴욕 시 맨해튼 섬 5번가와 34블록의 모퉁이에 있는, 1931년에 지어진 울워스 고딕 양식의 건물이다. 지상 102층에 높이는 381m이며 1953년에 설치된 안테나 탑을 포함할 경우 443m이다. 86층의 콘크리트건물 위의 16층짜리 철탑은 본래 비행선의 계류탑을 목적으로 만들어졌으나 바람이 심해 비행선 정박이 위험하다는 이유로 거의 사용되지 않았으며 현재는 전망대와 방송용 안테나만이 위치해있다. 또한 영화 킹콩에서 킹콩이 안테나 탑에서 벌이는 장면으로도 유명하다. 엠파이어 스테이트 빌딩에는 73개의 엘리베이터가 있으며 모두 합친 길이는 무려 11km나 된다. 또한 102층까지 1,860개의 계단이 있으며 6,500개의 창문이 있다. 건물에는 약 940개의 회사와 약20,000명의 사람들이 일하고 있다. 세계 무역 센터가 지어지기 전에는 세계에서 가장 높은 건물이었다. 9.11 테러로 세계 무역 센터가 붕괴되고 나서는 다시 뉴욕시에서 가장 높은 건물이 되었다. 이 빌딩을 정점(頂點)으로 하는 마천루군은 20세기 전반(前半) 뉴욕의 비즈니스 기능의 집중을 단적으로 대변해 주는 상징이다.

The Empire State Building is a 102-story Art Deco skyscraper in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. Designed by Shreve, Lamb & Harmon, the building has a roof height of 1,250 feet (380 m) and stands a total of 1,454 feet (443.2 m) tall, including its antenna. Its name is derived from "Empire State", the nickname of New York. As of 2017 the building is the 5th-tallest completed skyscraper in the United States and the 28th-tallest in the world. It is also the 6th-tallest freestanding structure in the Americas.

The site of the Empire State Building, located on the west side of Fifth Avenue between West 33rd and 34th Streets, was originally part of an early 18th century farm. In the late 1820s, it came into the possession of the prominent Astor family, with John Jacob Astor's descendants building the Waldorf–Astoria Hotel on the site in the 1890s. By the 1920s, the family had sold the outdated hotel and the site indirectly ended up under the ownership of Empire State Inc., a business venture that included businessman John J. Raskob and former New York governor Al Smith. The original design of the Empire State Building was a for a 50-story office building. However, after fifteen revisions, the final design was for a 86-story 1,250-foot building, with an airship mast on top. This ensured it would be the world's tallest building, beating the Chrysler Building and 40 Wall Street, two other Manhattan skyscrapers under construction at the time that were also vying for that distinction.

Demolition of the Waldorf–Astoria began in October 1929, and the foundation of the Empire State Building was excavated before demolition was even complete. Construction on the building itself started on March 17, 1930, with an average construction rate of one floor per day. A well-coordinated schedule meant that the 86 stories were topped out on September 19, six months after construction started, and the mast was completed by November 21. From that point, interior work proceeded at a quick pace, and it was opened on May 1, 1931, thirteen and a half months after the first steel beam was erected. Despite the publicity surrounding the building's construction, its owners failed to make a profit until the early 1950s. However, it has been a popular tourist attraction since opening, with around 4 million visitors to the building's 86th and 102nd floor observatories every year.

工事はクライスラー・ビルディングから「世界一の高さのビル」の称号を奪うために急ピッチで行われ、1931年に竣工したが、世界恐慌の影響でオフィス部分は1940年代まで多くが空室のままであった。そのため、「エンプティー（空っぽの）・ステート・ビルディング（"Empty State Building"）」と揶揄されることもあったが、戦後は多くの人々が訪れる観光名所となり、1972年にワールドトレードセンターのノースタワーが竣工するまでの42年間、世界一の高さを誇るビルとなっていた。完成して55年が経った1986年には、アメリカ合衆国国定歴史建造物に指定されるなど、ニューヨークのシンボルの一つとして認知されていった。

工事はクライスラー・ビルディングから「世界一の高さのビル」の称号を奪うために急ピッチで行われ、1931年に竣工したが、世界恐慌の影響でオフィス部分は1940年代まで多くが空室のままであった。そのため、「エンプティー（空っぽの）・ステート・ビルディング（"Empty State Building"）」と揶揄されることもあったが、戦後は多くの人々が訪れる観光名所となり、1972年にワールドトレードセンターのノースタワーが竣工するまでの42年間、世界一の高さを誇るビルとなっていた。完成して55年が経った1986年には、アメリカ合衆国国定歴史建造物に指定されるなど、ニューヨークのシンボルの一つとして認知されていった。

반기문 제8대 UN 사무총장

Ban Ki-moon 8th generation UN Secretary-General

潘基文第8代UN事務総長

1930년대의 미국의 빌딩

United States building in the 1930s

1930年代の米国のビル